Execute Formula operators

There are four different types of calculation operators: arithmetic, comparison, text concatenation, and reference.

Arithmetic operators

To perform basic mathematical operations on numeric values, such as addition, subtraction, or multiplication; combine numbers; and produce numeric results, use the following arithmetic operators.

Arithmetic operator Meaning Example
+ (plus sign) Addition 3+3
- (minus sign)

Subtraction
Negation

3-1
-1

* (asterisk) Multiplication 3*3
/ (forward slash) Division 3/3
% (percent sign) Percent 20%
^ (caret) Exponentiation 3^2

Comparison operators

You can compare values with the following operators. When two values are compared by using these operators, the result is either 1 (True) or 0 (False).

Comparison operator Meaning Example
= (equal sign) Equal to [Col1]=[Col2]
> (greater than sign)

Greater than

[Col1]>[Col2]
< (less than sign) Less than [Col1]<[Col2]
>= (greater than or equal to sign) Division [Col1]>=[Col2]
<= (less than or equal to sign) Less than or equal to [Col1]<=[Col2]
<> (not equal to sign) Not equal to [Col1]<>[Col2]

Text concatenation operator

Use the ampersand (&) to join, or concatenate, one or more text strings to produce a single piece of text.

Reference operator Meaning Example
& (ampersand)

Connects, or concatenates, two values to produce one continuous text value.

IF ([n1] > 2, [n1] & " is bigger than 2", [n1] & " is less than or equal to 2")

Reference operators

Combine ranges of column cells in a row for calculations with the following operators.

Reference operator Meaning Example
: (colon) Range operator, which combines multiple references into one argument. Reference every column that you want included in an argument.
LARGE([Col1]:[Col2]:[Col3]:[Col4],1)
, (comma) Union delimiter, which combines multiple references.
SUM([Col1],[Col5],[Col7],[Col9])
(space) Intersection operator, which produces a reference to columns common to the two references. LARGE([Col1]:[Col2]:[Col3]:[Col5] [Col3]:[Col4]:[Col5]:[Col6]:[Col7],1)
# The # symbol is used as part of an error name.
  • #NULL!